What is essential for humans to reach their full potential according to Maslow’s theory?

According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, reaching one's full potential, or self-actualization, can only occur once the more fundamental, lower-level needs are satisfied. The first level of this hierarchy consists of basic physiological needs, which include food, water, warmth, rest, and other essentials for survival. Until these basic needs are met, individuals will struggle to focus on higher-level needs such as safety, belonging, esteem, and ultimately, self-actualization. Therefore, meeting basic physiological needs creates the foundation necessary for individuals to strive toward their full potential and pursue personal growth, creativity, and self-fulfillment.

In contrast, competing with others, excessive self-esteem, or relying on consistent external validation do not contribute to the intrinsic basis for self-actualization as outlined by Maslow. These are more related to social dynamics or psychological states that can arise at different levels of need fulfillment, rather than being foundational to human potential.